Shuttle-spindle.



$104,778,851 PATENTED JAN. 3, 1905.

N. 'POERSTBR.

SHUTTLE SPINDLB.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 1a. 1904.-

iNVENTOR: Mk8

By A/zomeys,

UNITE STATES Patented. January 3, 1905.

NORBERT FOERSTER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SHUTTLE-SPINDLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 778,851,

dated. January 3, 1905.

Application filed January 13,1904. Serial No. 188,854.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, NORBERT Fonnsrna, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shuttle-Spindles, of which the following is a specification.

In the ordinary loom-shuttle the thread is wound to form a cop upon a hollow quill or cop-tube, which is applied on a spindle carried by the shuttle. The spindle extends longitudinally of the shuttle, and therefore the cop receives very severe jerks in opposite longitudinal directions as the shuttle reciprocates from one to the other shuttle-box. It is essential, however, that the cop remain fixed on the spindle. Any dislocation of it is liable to cause the breakage of an entire line of warpthreads or a great portion thereof, commonly called a smash. To avoid dislocation of the cop, the tube is ordinarily provided on its base with a flange which is engaged by a pin extending transversely across the shuttle and which thus prevents the quill and cop from moving off the spindle. It has been proposed also to form wooden quills with grooves or recesses in their inner surface to be engaged by corresponding projections on the spindle, which enter such grooves and positively lock the quill against moving off the spindle.

It is generally recognized that paper quills are preferable to wooden quills for several reasons. They are much cheaper in first cost. They constitute a comparatively small part of the bulk of the cop, and therefore reduce the cost of transportation, duties, &c., and they have various other advantages in special applications. In the attempt to use paper quills it has been found especially difficult to hold them on the spindle of the shuttle while the latter is running. Metal spindles are usually employed, and the quills have to be forced thereon with a strong pressure, which the workman usually accompanies by a twisting movement. The frictional engagement has to be so great that there is always difiiculty and loss of time in removing them when the thread is exhausted. More important, however, the pressure and twist which the workman gives to the cop in applying it to the spindle causes what might be called surfaces of cleavage within the interior of the cop. The threads, which were originally wound tightly together, so as by their cohesion to hold. their position quite firmly and so as to permit the drawing oif of the thread in a single line and never in bunches, are shifted from their original position and so loosened that a great bunch of thread will come off from the cop at once. This. may be noticed by the weaver as he applies the cop to the spindle, in which case he will withdraw the cop and throw it away. It may be in the interior of the cop, however, and not immediately noticeable. In this case while the shuttle is running a great bunch of weft-thread is suddenly freed and rips through the warp-threads, causing a smash and an obviously very great delay. This difficulty is especially to be feared in cotton-mills, where the paper tube extends throughout only a portion of the length of the cop, so that the more squeezing hard of the end portion of the cop will cause transverse breakages thereof. These disadvantages of the use of paper quills are so great that in mills of moderate size using them it is commonly necessary to employ two men whose entire time is occupied in repairing smashes due to the causes stated.

My invention provides a construction which while insuring the strong frictional engagement of the quill necessary to prevent its escape from the spindle during running yet permits an easy and directly longitudinal application of the cop onto the spindle, so that there is no danger of injuring the cop, such construction being at the same time cheap, simple, and durable. At the same time my invention utilizes the simplest and cheapest form of cop-namely, a simple tube, preferably with a slight taper, but without grooves or projections such as are used for locking wooden quills.

Various other advantages are referred to in detail hereinafter.

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of aspindie and the adjacent portions of the shuttle, the spindle being in its lowered position. Fig.

2 is a similar section showing the spindle raised for the application of the cop. Fig. 3 is a section similar to Fig. 1, but showing a full cop on the spindle. Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively a plan and a side elevation of the spindle.

Referring to the embodiment illustrated, the spindle is composed of two parts or members A and B, connected at the point C in any suitable manner, as by swaging, soldering, or riveting. The members A and B are arranged to spring apart at the heel end of the spindle, either by reason of the shape and material of the members or by the introduction of an extra spring or by both means. In order to insure a strong frictional grip on the quill by the mere outward pressure of the two parts at the heel and without the necessity of the weavers pressing the cop down on the spindle with great force, I prefer to provide an extra spring, such as the coiled spring D, which may be conveniently arranged with its ends entering recesses in the heels E and F of the members constituting the spindle. Preferably the members A and B are rough ened on their outer surface, as by means of file-cuts or corrugations G on the top and bottom, near the heel. In order to prevent accidental lateral movement of the heel of the member B relatively to that of the member A, the heel of the latter is provided with a groove-H, into which fits a corresponding tongue J on the heel of the upper member B. By reason of this tongue and groove when the two members are pressed together the spindle has the form of an ordinary solid spindle without any irregularities sufficient to obstruct the application of the quill thereon. The spindle is pivoted by means of a shaft or pin K passing transversely through the shuttle and is adapted to be raised to the position of Fig. 2, a well-known form of spring L being used to hold it in either position. Any suitable stop or similar means may be provided for pressing the two heels together when the spindle is raised. For example, I may employ the upper edge N of the spring L for this purpose. As the spindle is raised (see Fig. 2) the heel F of the upper member engages the edge M and is pressed inward, the coiled spring D yielding sufficiently to permit the two members A and B to come together and the tongue and groove J and H serving to insure their correct lateral coincidence. In

this position the spindle is slightly smaller than the quill, and the latter may be applied thereon with substantially no need for pressure or for twisting or otherwise distorting the cop. The spindle may then be lowered to the position'in Fig. 5, when the strong coiled spring D, and preferably, also, the spring ofthe member B, spreads the members apart at the heel so that they engage the inner plain surface of the quill with a friction sufficient to prevent its displacement in the running of the shuttle. The roughened portion Gr of the spindle, in conjunction with the ordinarily soft paper used, intensifies the frictional grip.

The manner of engagement of the quill by the spindle is to be distinguished from the positive locks heretofore used with wooden quills and which could not be applied with paper quills except where the latter were expensively molded with suitable grooves or projections. The engagement of the present spindle with the quill is frictional and extends, substantially, throughout the length of the quill and permits the use of quills formed of ordinary cheap soft paper without finished surfaces or edge. At the same time the mechanism avoids the serious disadvantages which-have heretofore attended the use of cops wound on such quills.

Though I have described with great particularity of detail certain embodiments of my invention, yet it is not to be understood that the invention is limited to the specific embodiments disclosed. Various modifications thereof in detail and in the arrangement and combination of the parts may be made by those skilled in the art and the spindle may be mounted in shuttles of quite different specific constructions from that shown without departure from the invention.

What I claim is- 1. A spindle comprising a lower member A having a heel E, and an upper member B having a heel F and attached at its end to the end of the lower member A, and a spring D with its ends entering recesses in the heels E and F and tending to spread said members apart at the heel.

2. The spindle comprising a lower member A having a heel E provided with a longitudinal groove H, an upper member B attached at its end to the lower member and having at its heel a tongue J fitting the' groove H of the lower member, and a spring D arranged between said upper and lower members and tending to spread them apart at the heel.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

NORBERT FOERSTER.

Witnesses S.- S. SPALDING, ALEXANDER MOCABE.

IIO 

